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Effect of the new maternity insurance scheme on medical expenditures for caesarean delivery in Wuxi,

Chun Chen,Zhihong Cheng,Ping Jiang,Mei Sun,Qi Zhang,Jun Lv

Frontiers of Medicine 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 473-480 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0479-

Abstract:

Aiming to control rising medical expenditures and help improve China’s healthcare systems, thisstudy examined whether a cap-based medical insurance scheme with shared financial interest between theWe also used paired sample t-tests and linear regression models to compare the mean medicalAfter the scheme’s implementation, medical expenditures for caesarean deliveries declined and themedical expenditures of women covered by the scheme were significantly lower than those of uninsured

Keywords： maternity insurance scheme financial incentive caesarean delivery medical expenditure China

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PM concentration declining saves health expenditure in China

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 7, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1690-4

Abstract:

● Monthly hospitalization expenses are sensitive to increases in PM_2.5 exposure.

Keywords： Air pollution Health expenditure PM_2.5 concentration Economic impact Heterogeneous effect

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Mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity: a role of ATP

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 372-382 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0862-5

Abstract: Obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes through the induction of insulin resistance. The mechanism of insulin resistance has been extensively investigated for more than 60 years, but the essential pathogenic signal remains missing. Existing hypotheses include inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, glucotoxicity, and lipotoxicity. Drug discoveries based on these hypotheses are unsuccessful in the development of new medicines. In this review, multidisciplinary literature is integrated to evaluate ATP as a primary signal for insulin resistance. The ATP production is elevated in insulin-sensitive cells under obese conditions independent of energy demand, which we have named “mitochondrial overheating.” Overheating occurs because of substrate oversupply to mitochondria, leading to extra ATP production. The ATP overproduction contributes to the systemic insulin resistance through several mechanisms, such as inhibition of AMPK, induction of mTOR, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Insulin resistance represents a feedback regulation of energy oversupply in cells to control mitochondrial overloading by substrates. Insulin resistance cuts down the substrate uptake to attenuate mitochondrial overloading. The downregulation of the mitochondrial overloading by medicines, bypass surgeries, calorie restriction, and physical exercise leads to insulin sensitization in patients. Therefore, ATP may represent the primary signal of insulin resistance in the cellular protective response to the substrate oversupply. The prevention of ATP overproduction represents a key strategy for insulin sensitization.

Keywords： type 2 diabetes energy expenditure mitochondria hyperinsulinemia hyperglucagonemia AMPK

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A literature review of perishable medical resource management

Frontiers of Engineering Management Pages 710-726 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0278-9

Abstract: healthcare providers have faced mounting pressure to effectively manage highly perishable and limited medical

Keywords： perishable medical resources organ transplant healthcare products decision analytics operations management

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Mechanisms of insulin resistance in obesity

Jianping Ye

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 14-24 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0262-6

Abstract:

Obesity increases the risk for type 2 diabetes through induction of insulin resistance. Treatment of type 2 diabetes has been limited by little translational knowledge of insulin resistance although there have been several well-documented hypotheses for insulin resistance. In those hypotheses, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, hyperinsulinemia and lipotoxicity have been the major concepts and have received a lot of attention. Oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, genetic background, aging, fatty liver, hypoxia and lipodystrophy are active subjects in the study of these concepts. However, none of those concepts or views has led to an effective therapy for type 2 diabetes. The reason is that, there has been no consensus for a unifying mechanism of insulin resistance. In this review article, literature is critically analyzed and reinterpreted for a new energy-based concept of insulin resistance, in which insulin resistance is a result of energy surplus in cells. The energy surplus signal is mediated by ATP and sensed by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Decreasing ATP level by suppression of production or stimulation of utilization is a promising approach in the treatment of insulin resistance. In support, many of existing insulin sensitizing medicines inhibit ATP production in mitochondria. The effective therapies such as weight loss, exercise, and caloric restriction all reduce ATP in insulin sensitive cells. This new concept provides a unifying cellular and molecular mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity, which may apply to insulin resistance in aging and lipodystrophy.

Keywords： type 2 diabetes energy expenditure inflammation lipotoxicity mitochondria hyperinsulinemia adenosine

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Effectiveness of preventive medicine education and its determinants among medical students in Malaysia

Shirin Anil,Mohamed Shukry Zawahir,Redhwan Ahmed Al-Naggar

Frontiers of Medicine 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 91-100 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0428-0

Abstract:

Preventive medicine has been incorporated in the medical school curriculum, but its effectivenessimportance to learn, and the ability to practice preventive medicine as well as its determinants among the medicalsectional study was conducted through an anonymous online survey among 387 randomly selected final year medicalstudents of four large public medical schools in Malaysia from March to September 2014.” In univariable analysis, being a female, medical school, family size, and perception about the

Keywords： preventive medicine medical school medical students

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Attitude toward preventive counseling and healthy practices among medical students at a Colombian university

Luz Helena Alba,Nora Badoui,Fabián Gil

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 251-259 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0393-z

Abstract:

Unhealthy behaviors of medical students influence their attitudes toward preventive counseling.The objective of this study was to describe the effect of medical training on the risk profiles and attitudesof medical students toward preventive counseling in a Colombian university.

Keywords： lifestyle medical students preventive medicine counseling universities schools medical

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Advances in Medical Applications of Additive Manufacturing Review

Chunxu Li, Dario Pisignano, Yu Zhao, Jiajia Xue

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 11, Pages 1222-1231 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.02.018

Abstract: cost-effective and versatile technique for the fabrication of geometrically complex objects in the medicalIn this review, we discuss current advances of AM in medical applications for the generation of pharmaceuticals, medical implants, and medical devices.In addition, medical devices used for diagnostics and treatment of various pathological conditions haveThe growing body of research on AM reveals its great potential in medical applications.

Keywords： Additive manufacturing Medical applications Pharmaceutics Medical implants Medical devices

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Methodological challenges to human medical study

Yixin Zhong,Baoyan Liu,Hua Qu,Qi Xie

Frontiers of Medicine 2014, Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages 328-336 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0359-6

Abstract:

With the transformation of modern medicinal pattern, medical studies are confronted with methodological

Keywords： medical paradigm traditional Chinese medicine western medicine scientific view scientific methodology

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Beneficial metabolic activities of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 15 in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Jianping Ye

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 139-145 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0377-z

Abstract: evidence that pro-inflammatory cytokines may favor insulin sensitivity through induction of energy expenditurelipogenesis, stimulates brown fat function, improves insulin sensitivity through weight loss and energy expenditureevidence from human and rodents supports that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-15 may enhance energy expenditureThe mechanism of IL-15 action remains to be fully uncovered in the regulation of energy expenditure.

Keywords： inflammation obesity cytokine energy expenditure insulin resistance

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Primary health care for all by 2020: The systematic reform of the medical and health system in China

Frontiers of Medicine 2010, Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 3-7 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0024-7

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Thanks to all medical workers fighting against COVID-19

Xiao-ping Chen

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 2, Pages 249-250 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0789-2

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Therapeutic effect of medical glue combined with the great omentum in severe tunica muscularis injury

REN Peitu, LU Baochun, RUAN Xinxian, CHEN Zhiliang, MA Yuliang, FU Hong

Frontiers of Medicine 2008, Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages 143-146 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0027-9

Abstract: The patients with severe tunica muscularis injury were treated by medical glue combined with the greaterTherefore, reasonable use of medical glue combined with the greater omentum can not only improve the

Keywords： abscess initial muscularis anastomotic medical

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Survey on deep learning for pulmonary medical imaging

Jiechao Ma, Yang Song, Xi Tian, Yiting Hua, Rongguo Zhang, Jianlin Wu

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages 450-469 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0726-4

Abstract: With medical imaging becoming an important part of disease screening and diagnosis, deep learning-basedapproaches have emerged as powerful techniques in medical image areas.Deep learning has been widely applied in medical imaging for improved image analysis.to pulmonary medical images, datasets, and benchmarks.Lastly, the application of deep learning techniques to the medical image and an analysis of their future

Keywords： deep learning neural networks pulmonary medical image survey

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Ingestible wireless capsules for enhanced diagnostic inspection of gastrointestinal tract

Mahdi RASOULI, Andy Prima KENCANA, Van An HUYNH, Eng Kiat TING, Joshua Chong Yue LAI, Kai Juan WONG, Su Lim TAN, Soo Jay PHEE

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2011, Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 40-44 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0204-4

Abstract:

Wireless capsule endoscopy has become a common procedure for diagnostic inspection of gastrointestinal tract. This method offers a less-invasive alternative to traditional endoscopy by eliminating uncomfortable procedures of the traditional endoscopy. Moreover, it provides the opportunity for exploring inaccessible areas of the small intestine. Current capsule endoscopes, however, move by peristalsis and are not capable of detailed and on-demand inspection of desired locations. Here, we propose and develop two wireless endoscopes with maneuverable vision systems to enhance diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders. The vision systems in these capsules are equipped with mechanical actuators to adjust the position of the camera. This may help to cover larger areas of the digestive tract and investigate desired locations. The preliminary experimental results showed that the developed platform could successfully communicate with the external control unit via human body and adjust the position of camera to limited degrees.

Keywords： wireless capsule endoscopy ingestible medical device in-body medical device miniature actuator medicalrobot medical imaging